ESPEYB18 5. Bone, Growth Plate and Mineral Metabolism Translational highlights (4 abstracts)
5.8. Hormonal regulation of biomineralization
Andrew Arnold , Elaine Dennison , Christopher S Kovacs , Michael Mannstadt , René Rizzoli , Maria Luisa Brandi , Bart Clarke & Rajesh V Thakker
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Center for Molecular Oncology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 May;17(5):261–275 Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33727709/
In brief: This article systematically reviews the current advances in the understanding of mineral metabolism with focus on the regulation of mineralization in skeletal tissue and inhibition of mineralization in non-skeletal tissue. This is mandatory reading for any aspiring endocrinologist.
Comment: Mineralization of the skeleton and teeth are critically important to allow ambulation and feeding. Inhibition of this process is equally important to prevent ectopic mineralization of soft tissues and organs, which is disabling and potentially lethal. The review is well-structured as it presents the current understanding of the complex regulation of the physiological and pathological aspects of the mineralization process. The roles and regulation of calcium and inorganic phosphate, dietary intake of minerals as well as the balance between activators and inhibitors of mineralization are discussed. The major regulators of biomineralization include parathyroid hormone (PTH), the vitamin D system, vitamin K, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and phosphatase enzymes, and their respective roles in the mineralization process are discussed in detail. In addition, alternative regulatory mechanisms that control mineral delivery, skeletal metabolism and biomineralization in the fetus, the neonate, and in the mother during pregnancy and lactation are also discussed.
Volume 18
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ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology
ISSN 1662-4009 (Online)
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