ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

In the past year, there were a large number of scientific publications on disorders of the thyroid gland or the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in children and adults. In this chapter, you will find a selection of the probably most impactful publications in this field published in the period June 2023 to July 2024, of importance to the discipline of pediatric endocrinology.

To get you excited, here is a short overview: “Disruption of Notch signaling in mice thyrocytes causes hypothyroidism, possibly explaining hypothyroidism in Alagille syndrome”, “Creation of healthy ranges of serum TSH and FT4 in adults, based on the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality”, “Ultradian TSH pulses are more efficient than sustained rise in basal TSH levels at increasing thyroid hormone production in mice”, “TRH neurons in the paraventricular nucleus are major regulators of the HPT axis and the fasting-induced suppression of TH levels in mice; the latter relies, at least in part, on the activation of agouti-related protein / neuropeptide Y neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus”, “Mutations in a noncoding (TTTG)₄ microsatellite/short tandem repeat located at 15q26.1 are the probable cause of a considerable percentage of cases of non-goitrous primary congenital hypothyroidism”, “Identification of SLC22A9 and SLC29A2 as transporters mediating cellular uptake of 3,5,3’-Triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC)”, and “Genotype data of 11,220 5-year childhood survivors shows that cancer-specific polygenic risk scores derived from general population genome-wide association study cancer loci, identifies survivors of European ancestry at increased risk of subsequent thyroid cancer”.