ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(3):456–459.For many years, infections have been thought to trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) or even to be one of the causes of autoimmune processes that eventually lead to the destruction of the pancreatic beta-cell. In particular, maternal rubella virus infections during pregnancy are reported to increase the risk of T1DM in children, and fetal rubella infection leads to highe...

To read the full abstract: Sci Rep. 2019 Jun 13;9(1):7727As outlined in paper 10.1, intrauterine and early neonatal infections with a number of viruses are thought to contribute to the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) later in life. Amongst the viruses to be considered, enteroviruses have been found to be the most important. It is therefore important to know whether vaccination against enteroviruses would reduce the incidence of autoimmune di...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatrics 2019, 173, 280–282Amongst the enteroviruses that have been associated with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in children, rotavirus infection is the most common. Using publicly available data from Australian national registries, the authors performed interrupted time-series analyses to compare the incidence of newly diagnosed childhood T1DM during the 8 years before the national introductio...

To read the full abstract: JAMA. 2019;322(6):514–523. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.10329Some children have a high genetic risk to develop type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and/or celiac disease. However, environmental factors may modify such risks. One arm of the TEDDY study assessed the influence of high gluten intakes on the development of celiac disease in genetically high risk children.<p clas...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:953–960.Dietary proteins, such as gluten, have been suggested to serve as triggers of the autoimmune process that leads to type 1 diabetes (T1DM). These authors studied the potential associations of cereal, gluten, and dietary fiber intake with the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and T1DM.The prospective birth cohort Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Preven...

To read the full abstract: JAMA 2019; 32:484–492Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is clearly associated with higher risks for cardiovascular disease and late complications, such as retinopathy and nephropathy. A putative impact of T1DM on neurocognitive development is less clear. For example, it is unclear whether T1DM is associated with school performance in children.This study compared standardized reading and mathematics test...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Mar;21(2):319–327. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12971. Epub 2020 Jan 3. PMID: 31885123Dissatisfaction with technologies, discontinuation of use and inappropriate adjustments of insulin pump settings pose important areas of concern in adolescents using diabetes technologies. This study searched for predictors of hybrid closed loop (HCL) discontinuation...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med. 2019 Aug 15;381(7):603–613. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa 1902226.Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to destruction of insulin producing beta cells, which leaves the patient dependent on exogenous insulin for survival. Some interventions have delayed the loss of insulin production in T1DM, but interventions to prevent clinic...

To read the full abstract: Pediatrics 144, number 4, October 2019:e20182984Diagnostic delays in the pediatric emergency department (ED) can lead to unnecessary interventions, prolonged length of hospital and emergency department stay (LOS) and even death. This is especially true in diabetic patients presenting with possible diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). At one institution, DKA determination time (from arrival to diagnosis) was 86 minutes, and 61%...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Mar;21(2):377–383. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12956. PMID: 31808586Across all age groups, management of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) places substantial workload, responsibility and emotional burden, such as worries and stress, on families. This study explored parent perceptions of the burdens of caring for very young children with T1DM. Semi-structured qu...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Feb;21(1):106–111. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12936. PMID: 31618523Children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) should be screened regularly for signs of retinopathy by fundus photography in order to prevent visual impairment. According to Danish national guidelines, screening should take place at ages 12, 15, and 18 years after a minimum of 3 years of diab...

To read the full abstract: Nat Biomed Eng. 2020 May;4(5):499–506. doi: 10.1038/s41551-019-0508-y.Glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems that mimic pancreatic endocrine function could enhance health and improve quality of life for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with reduced β-cell function. However, insulin delivery systems with rapid in vivo glucose-respon...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1707–1717. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1907863. PMID: 31618560Despite advances in diabetes care, attaining good glycemic outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remains challenging and often is not achieved. For example, the targets set by the American Diabetes Association are met in only a minority of patients. It is hoped th...

To read the full abstract: JAMA. 2020 Jan 28;323(4):339–351. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.21565. PMID: 31990315It is unclear how many children in the general population have features of anti-islet cell autoimmunity without later developing type 1 diabetes (T1DM). This public health screening program determined the population prevalence of islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) and the risk for pro...