ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief summary: In May 2023, the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) released an update to its 2014 consensus on homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). The 2023 statement provides updated diagnostic criteria, screening recommendations, treatment algorithms, guidance about family planning, and new insights into the genetics of the disease.Comment: Here is a brief summary of the new findings and recommendations of the updated consensus:<p c...

Brief summary: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, bempedoic acid (Nexletol) reduced the incidence of a composite cardiovascular.Comment: Bempedoic acid is an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor. ATP citrate lyase catalyses the conversion of citrate to acetyl-CoA, the fundamental substrate required for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. By inhibiting the cholesterol synthesis pathway, bempedoic acid reduces intra-hepatic LDL-C....

Brief summary: This meta-analysis examined the association of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with cardiometabolic diseases. The study included 276 173 individuals with autism and found a 69.4% higher relative risk of dyslipidemia, indicating higher risks of heart disease and stroke. The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) was 247% higher in individuals with autism, and the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) was 64% higher. Genetic factors, obesity, and autoimmune disea...

Brief summary: It turns out that the common denominator for the treatment of T2D, the metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia is physical activity. This physiological study compared the energy expenditure of different walking styles, famously depicted by the Monty Python Ministry of Silly Walks (which was very popular in the UK in the 1970s). If you want to improve your energy expenditure, you should not miss this article from the 2022 Christmas edition of the BMJ.<p...