ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief summary: In the prospective population-based Growing Up in Singapore Toward Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study (n=437 children, 51.9% boys), the effect of parent-reported screen time in infancy was tested on EEG characteristics and correlated to cognitive outcome. Mean daily screen time at 12 months of age was 2 hours. Infant screen time was associated with altered cortical EEG activity at 18 months and was suggested to explain observed alterations in attention and ...

Brief summary: This observational study in three different cohorts found an increased risk for atherothrombotic disease associated with the commonly used sugar substitute erythritol. Untargeted metabolomics (in cohort 1, n=1157) and targeted metabolomics (in cohorts 2 and 3, n=2149 USA and n=833 Europe, respectively) investigations revealed an increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including death, myocardial infarction and str...

Brief summary: This cross-sectional and longitudinal study, nested in the Diabetes Care System cohort study from the West Friesland region of the Netherlands (n=990), assessed ‘social jet lag’ as the difference in midpoint of sleep in hours between weekdays and weekend days. Among working individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), this discordance between between social and biological rhythms (social jet lag) was associated with poor metabolic control. By contr...

Brief summary: In this cross-sectional study, Health related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed in 50 adults of 4 Spanish hospitals with a previous diagnosis of small for gestational age (SGA) who had received growth hormone treatment (rhGH) during childhood. Tests revealed lower scores on mental health domains than on domains related to physical health. Remarkably, no correlation was found between HRQoL in adulthood and final height, rhGH treatment and timing of puberty.</p...

Brief summary: In this meta-analysis, data of 2030 patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) extracted from 25 studies were reanalyzed for reversal of GHD on GH retesting. The reversibility of IGHD varied depending on GH retest cut-offs and testing time-point/age. Higher GH cut-offs and earlier testing resulted in lower GHD reversal rate, but even with a cut-off of 7.7–10 ng/mL the reversal rate was 55%, and retesting before final height revealed also a re...

Brief summary: This review provides an update on the possible actions of metformin beyond glucose regulation in the liver. It summarizes recent findings regarding its action in the gastrointestinal tract, on gut microbiota and tissue-resident immune cells and thereby gives insight into studies addressing its immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory effects for possible use as treatment against inflammation- and age-related diseases, as well as cancer. Current knowledge of metfo...