ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief Summary: This study shows that obesity induces mitochondrial fragmentation and reduces oxidative capacity in white adipocytes through the activation of the small GTPase RalA. Targeted deletion of RalA in these cells prevents mitochondrial fragmentation, improves energy expenditure, and protects against obesity-induced metabolic dysfunctions, highlighting the critical role of RalA in obesity-related mitochondrial and metabolic abnormalities.Previous...

Brief Summary: This study created a temporally- and spatially-resolved proteomic atlas of human adipogenesis. It highlights cell restructuring and spatial reorganization of metabolic pathways to optimize cells for lipid accumulation and identifies C19orf12 as a differentiation-induced protein that regulates lipid storage in adipocytes.This study provides a comprehensive and detailed proteomic map that captures the dynamic changes in protein abundance and...

Brief Summary: This cross-sectional study in n=19 first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and n=19 control individuals without obesity found that while the intrinsic adipogenic potential of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is unaffected by a family history of T2DM, alterations in lysyl oxidase (LOX) mRNA expression and polyunsaturated fatty acids in triglycerides are linked to increased T2DM risk, independent of obesity. These findings suggest that ...

Brief Summary: This study compared 2 groups of adults defined by their leptin concentrations relative to fat mass. Adults with ‘relatively high leptin’ (RHL, n=646) or ‘relatively low leptin’ (RLL, n=644) concentrations were compared in insulin concentration, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity, at both the whole-body level and within adipose tissue. Individuals with RHL showed a distinct metabolic phenotype, characterized by insulin resistance in bo...