ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: PLoS One. 2018;13:e0201566.NAFLD is a multifactorial disease characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver without a history of significant alcohol intake. NAFLD is the most common form of chronic liver disease, affecting 30% of adults and 10% of children in the USA [1]. Alarmingly, its prevalence is increasing worldwide paralleling to the incre...

Eur J Endocrinol. 2018 Oct 12;179(5):R219–R237.doi: 10.1530/EJE-18-0227. PubMed ID: 30049812The rapidly increasing number of adolescents with gender dysphoria represents a challenge for psychiatric assessments and the endocrine management of those who are considered to warrant gender change. The diagnostics are more than complicated and the clinical management from ...

To read the full abstract: Nat Immunol. 2018; 19(9): 954–962.The immune system protects the host organism against infectious diseases, however, pathogen elimination frequently entails collateral tissue damage and inflammation, which decrease host fitness (1). Neuroendocrine-immune interactions play an important role in these regulatory processes (2, 3). Endogenous glucocorticoids (c...

To read the full abstract: Can J Diabetes. 2018 Oct; 42(5): 533.This retrospective population-based study focused on diabetes prevalence in childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) using administrative health care databases of the Canadian National Health System. The authors compared 10,438 CCSs (mean age 10.7±6.8 years; mean follow-up time 11.2±6.9 years) with 52,190 age- and sex-mat...

To read the full abstract: J Pediatr. 2018 Jul;198:260–264This study aimed to analyze growth hormone (GH) doses and first-year growth response in prepubertal patients with the combination of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and growth hormone deficiency (GHD).A total of 69 patients with T1D and GHD treated with GH have been enrolled in KIGS (Pfizer International Growth D...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(3):280–282.For many years, it has been put forward that enterovirus infections might precede type 1 diabetes onset and that there might be a link between the two diseases. This study simply shows that it is still not the time to draw firm and clear conclusions as to whether or not enteroviruses do play a role in the pathogenesis of a...

To read the full abstract: Cell. 2018; 175(3): 695–708This paper demonstrates for the first time the existence of extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated signaling between cell types within the adipose tissue. The results of various experiments show a network of EV-mediated exchange of cellular material in adipose tissue. This newly discovered EV trafficking in adipose tissue...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2018;172:e180739.This randomised controlled trial of 1303 exclusively breastfed 3-month-old UK infants was primarily performed to test the impact of early introduction of solid foods, from age 3 months, on the risk of food allergies (1). Sleep was measured as a secondary trial outcome: the trial showed that early introduction of solids increa...

To read the full abstract: Endocrinology. 2018 Jul 1;159(7):2676–2682.The authors compared the effects of leptin versus weight loading using intraperitoneal weighted capsules (‘gravitostat stimulation’) on changes in fat mass in mice. Leptin infusion suppressed body weight and fat mass in lean but not in overweight or obese mice. Weight loading decreased body weight in ove...

To read the full abstract: Nature 2017;548:52-57The central nervous system contributes to ageing. The hypothalamus seems to be particularly important in this process. Recent studies have demonstrated a link between ageing and a decrease of neurogenesis in the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle in the brain. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSC) reside in those regions in ...