ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr. 2019 Aug 5;173(10):e192430. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.2430.The authors systematically reviewed published evidence on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 2–13 years. Based on data on 477 620 children from 28 European countries, they conclude that the prevalence is very high but appears to have stabilized in ...

To read the full abstract: Cell Metab. 2019 4;29:1363–1375.Mesenchymal stem and/or stromal cells (MSCs) regulate immune system and have been associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The IGF system is mainly known for its role in the regulation of growth, development and metabolism. A possible role of IGF-I in inflammation has recently been proposed [1, 2], whereas the e...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018; 103(8): 2998–3009.Conventional glucocorticoid (GC) therapy in adrenal insufficiency (AI) does not fully mimic the endogenous cortisol circadian rhythm, and this may adversely affect long-term health. In the recent DREAM trial (Dual Release Hydrocortisone vs. Conventional Glucocorticoid Replacement in H...

Front Pediatr 2019, 7:144. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00144• The outcomes of feminizing genitoplasty of 46,XX individuals with CAH were reviewed in this cross-sectional study.• The study highlights the importance of cultural sensitivities, access to medical treatment and timing of the diagnosis on attitudes toward feminizing genitoplasty in Malaysia.<p cl...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Invest 2018;128:960-969Mouse models for PWS are urgently needed to facilitate drug development for treatment of hyperphagia and obesity in PWS patients. Here, the authors set out to create a mouse model that better recapitulates human PWS; they chose Snord116 as the target. Snord116 comprises a cluster of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) on paternal chromosome 15q11.2. Deletio...

To read the full abstract: Endocrinology. 2018 Jan 1;159(1):368-387Hypothalamic inflammation has been linked to the development and progression of obesity and its sequelae. Obesity in rodents and humans is associated with gliosis of the arcuate nucleus, a key hypothalamic region for the regulation of energy homeostasis and adiposity. Gliosis, the activation of astrocyte and microglial cell popula...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017;144:3879-3893Regenerative medicine techniques are being widely investigated for organs without regenerative capacity, such as lung. Whether pluripotent stem cell derived thyroid organoids will be used in the future as a regenerative medicine approach to treat hypothyroidism is unclear. In the context of an easily available, very cheap and non-in...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2017;40:1002-1009Quality of life (QOL) measures have increasingly been considered as end-points of medical interventions. Both general QOL and health- and disease-specific quality of life can be assessed using well defined and validated questionnaires. The TEENs study is an international, cross-sectional study of youth with T1DM. 5,887 participants were follo...

To read the full abstract: J Pediatr 2018;196:208-216.e2Insulin deficiency or resistance activates intracellular hormone-sensitive lipase; this increases the release of non-esterified fatty acids from triglycerides stored in centrally distributed adipose tissue. High circulating levels of non-esterified fatty acids increase hepatic triglyceride synthesis, which in turn increases secretion o...

Brief summary: In 2021 and 2022, two important publications on pediatric thyroid carcinomas revealed a distinct molecular landscape compared to adult thyroid carcinomas (1,2). Pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma was mainly caused by fusion oncogenes, especially in children younger than 10 years (93%), compared to children aged 10–15 years (28%) and 15–20 years old patients (14%). In contrast, PTC due to BRAF mutations showed increasing frequency with age (7%, ...