ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2019 Jul;104(4):F353–F359. PMID:30232094.In preterm and in the very low birthweight infants, hyperglycaemia is associated with increased risks of mortality, brain injury, retinopathy of prematurity and worse neurodevelopmental outcomes (1). Treatment of hyperglycaemia with continuous insulin infusion leads to increas...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2019 Aug;42(8):1473–1480. PMID: 31332028Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) increase the risk of offspring developing childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes. The underlying mechanisms and possible neuronal pathways are unknown but might involve changes in the hypothalamic structure and function. Novel non-invasive imaging te...

To read the full abstract: Neurosci Lett. 2020 Apr 23;725:134912. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134912. Epub 2020 Mar 12. PMID: 32173625Oxytocin is the main neuropeptide regulating sociality and is expressed in neurons exclusively localized in the hypothalamus. Abnormalities in oxytocin signaling are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism. Oxytocin plays a role in th...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105:e774–e7781.This prospective non-randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of two-years levothyroxine treatment in children with subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH 5.0–9.9 mU/l with normal FT4 for two years preceding the study) starting at a mean age of 9 years. Capalbo et al. observed no change in IQ scores in 20 children after two-years of levothyroxine. Furthe...

To read the full abstract: Stem Cells, 2020;38(6):769–781.In brief: A novel population of osteoprogenitor cells in proximity to transcortical channels is found to persist during skeletal maturation. These migrate, expand and contribute to bone formation.Commentary: Bone formation and regeneration requires multiple distinct populations of progeni...

To read the full abstract: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2019, Aug; 91: 237–44. doi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31004515Fertility issues in individuals with a DSD has attracted increasing attention over the past decade and are summarized in this and other reviews. The various genetic defects that cause DSD and their underlying mechanism may impair fertility in a variety of ways. I...

To read the full abstract: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019, Jun; 7: 484–98. doi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30528161This review overviews the published literature on mental and physical health outcomes and treatment effects after gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery in transgender adolescents and highlights important evidence gaps.There is tr...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104(12): 6148–6154. PMID: 31393570.Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency has an incidence of 1 in 10 000 to 20 000 in most populations. It is one of the most common monogenic autosomal recessive disorders (1). It has been suggested that the condition is common because it may confe...

To read the full abstract: Cereb Cortex. 2020; 30(5): 2777–2788. PMID: 31819952.Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), most commonly caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency, is an autosomal recessively inherited life-threatening impairment in cortisol and, in the severe salt wasting form, aldosterone synthesis. The implementation of neonatal screening programs for CAH and the continuous imp...

To read the full abstract: JAMA 2019; 32:484–492Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is clearly associated with higher risks for cardiovascular disease and late complications, such as retinopathy and nephropathy. A putative impact of T1DM on neurocognitive development is less clear. For example, it is unclear whether T1DM is associated with school performance in children.This study compared standardized reading and mathematics test...