ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

prahalad@stanford.edu Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23: 228–236. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13278Brief Summary: Analysis of the multi-national SWEET diabetes registry showed that mean HbA1c in youth is highest at diagnosis and lowest at 4 to 5 months post-diagnosis. The HbA1c trajectory was lower in countries with nationalized health insurance. High gross domestic p...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med. 2020;382(6):525–533.In brief: High dose vitamin D supplementation of 4400 IU compared with 400 IU during the prenatal period alone to mothers of offspring at risk for asthma did not influence the incidence of asthma and recurrent wheeze in children aged 6-years.Commentary: Vitamin D deficiency has been im...

To read the full abstract: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020 Apr 24. doi: 10.1038/s41409-020-0914-5. Epub ahead of print. a.leiper@nhs.netAnti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), secreted by granulosa cells of growing pre- and early antral ovarian follicles, reflects the reserve of primordial ovarian follicles at any time from birth to menopause. Serum AMH leve...

To read the full abstract: BMJ Open. 2019;9:e024705.This protocol paper describes an innovative phase II trial to study the effect of a single low dose of adjuvant rituximab (a chimeric anti-B-cell monoclonal antibody targeting the surface molecule CD20) compared to classical carbimazole therapy in adolescents and young adults with Graves’ disease. Carbimazole treatment will be stop...

Eur Thyroid J. 2018;7:225-37. doi: 10.1159/000491388. Epub 2018 Jul 19https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30374425Diagnosis and treatment of central hypothyroidism are much more complex than for primary hypothyroidism. For the first time, guidelines summarize all the available evidence to provide a thorough state of...

To read the full abstract: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018; 115(51): 12997–13002.Humans are constantly challenged by multiple stressors, to which the body’s response and adaptation are essential. The adrenal gland plays a major role in the response to both physiological challenges and stress. Maintenance of the adrenal is partly accomplished by proliferation and differentiat...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; pii: jc.2019–00563.Primary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension, affecting ~6% of the adult general hypertensive population. Patients with PA are at increased risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular morbidity, renal abnormalities and metabolic syndrome. The activity of mTORC1 ...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med 2019;380:1235–1246This paper reports a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial of darolutamide, a novel oral androgen-receptor antagonist, in 1509 men with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. Median metastasis-free survival was significantly longer with darolutamide (40.4 months) than placebo (18.4 ...

To read the full abstract: Nat Commun 2018;9.400Pheromones play a crucial role to identify potential mates and sexual motivation in mice. These molecules are detected by a specialized circuit which initiates in the nasal septum and then relies on GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus in a sex-dependent manner. Female pheromones induce LH/testosterone release in male mice whereas male pheromones i...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017;144:3879-3893Regenerative medicine techniques are being widely investigated for organs without regenerative capacity, such as lung. Whether pluripotent stem cell derived thyroid organoids will be used in the future as a regenerative medicine approach to treat hypothyroidism is unclear. In the context of an easily available, very cheap and non-in...