ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Nature. 2022;602(7898):632-8. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04408-7.PubMed ID: 35140404Brief summary: This study in the fruit-fly, Drosophila melanogaster, identified a novel gut-derived, nutrient-specific neuropeptide hormone, ‘Diuretic hormone 31’ (Dh31), which triggers the insects to switch their behaviour from feeding to courtship and reproduction.Romantic di...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2019 Aug;42(8):1473–1480. PMID: 31332028Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) increase the risk of offspring developing childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes. The underlying mechanisms and possible neuronal pathways are unknown but might involve changes in the hypothalamic structure and function. Novel non-invasive imaging te...

To read the full abstract: Endocrinology vol. 161,2 (2020): bqz041. doi: https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/161/2/bqz041/5698115This mouse study demonstrates the influence of maternal nutrition during lactation on offspring gut microbiota and its consequences on metabolism and puberty timing. Childhood obesity is a risk factor for the deve...

To read the full abstract: Elife 2019;8:e43999.Two populations of Kisspeptin neurons are described in the hypothalamus. One population is located in the rostral part of the hypothalamus (the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, AVPV); the other is in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). The major difference between these populations is the opposing effects of 17b-estradiol (E2) on Kiss1...

Abstract: Endocrinology. 2018 Mar 1;159(3):1469–1478.In brief: In this article, a combination of microdissection, miroRNA profiling and transfection studies identify 3 microRNAs that are highly expressed in the proliferative zone and appear to be down-stream mediators of PTHrP signaling in the growth plate.Comment: In the growth plate, P...

To read the full abstract: NeuroImage 2017; 159: 236-247The results of this study suggest that, compared to adolescents with a low risk, lean adolescents with a high familial obesity risk show a weaker activation of neural systems subserving attentional self-regulation in response to food-denoting words. These same changes were found in overweight or obese adolescents. It is interestin...

To read the full abstract: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017;8:170Increasing sedentary behaviours and availability of high energy dense processed foods are the obvious culprits to explain the trends towards more overweight and obese populations around the world. However, we should remember that many other hypotheses are proposed, including higher ambient room temperatures due to ce...

Brief Summary: IGF1R signaling in cells expressing Kiss1 gene affects energy balance, food intake, and physical activity in a sex-specific manner. Female IGF1RKiss1 mice showed lower body weight and food intake plus higher energy expenditure and physical activity. This phenotype was associated with higher proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression. The additional deletion of insulin receptor (IR) in Kiss1-expressing cells reversed the lean phenotype seen in female IGF1R<...

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Preface In this first chapter of the Yearbook, we present recent advances in the development/ontogeny of the pituitary, genetics of hypopituitarism, clinical and translational aspects, and lastly we describe two papers on the relationship between pituitary function and viral disease. We hope that our selection of papers is both educational and interesting to all readers....