ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2020; 4: 23–35. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2• The study reports the worldwide prevalence of insufficient physical activity among school-going adolescents aged 11–17 years.• Data from surveys totalling 1.6 million students aged 11–17 years were analysed.• The majority of adolescents do not prese...

To read the full abstract: Hum Genet. 2018; 137(11–12): 955–960.Patients with Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) suffer from multiple comorbidities, including mental illness. Studies that investigated the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with CAH showed that any psychiatric diagnosis were more common in CAH subjects compared with population controls. In p...

Cell 2018;175:605–614.DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.044.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30340032Summary: Epidemiological, clinical intervention trials and experimental evidence indicate the negative impact of excessive carbohydrate uptake. This review details the history of carbohydrate consumption and mechanisms of ca...

Brief summary: This study investigated how frequently negative terminology such as ‘fail’ and ‘morbid obesity’ was used in scientific publications dealing with bariatric surgery in peer reviewed journals. 2.4% of the publications analyzed included the term ‘fail’ and 16.8% contained the term ‘morbid’ in conjunction with obesity. This study showed that negative language, blaming the patient for the lack of weight loss or weight regain, wa...

Brief summary: This cross-sectional study found high prevalences of high dietary intakes of fat and sugar and inadequate intakes of fiber among obese Indonesian adolescents, and a statistically significant correlation between fiber intake and HDL cholesterol levels.Low and middle-income countries are experiencing nutritional transitions with increasing prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease risks. This cross-sectional study performed in Indones...

Brief summary: This case series of five patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) treated in Damascus, Syria is presented to highlight the current management, including the difficulties of sex assignment, in this cultural context.In Syria, female infants with 21-hydroxylase deficiency CAH and resulting virilization are generally considered to be male until proven otherwise. This case series reports on the care of five c...

Brief Summary: This study investigated the functional diversity of SOX9-positive pituitary stem cells (PSCs) using sophisticated murine transgenics combined with single-cell mRNA-seq (sc-mRNAsq). It identifies that the ability of Sox9+ve PSCs to maintain progeny varies depending on their location and surrounding context.The authors elegantly show that the SOX9 transcription factor marks a population of stem cells in the pituitary gland. The authors FAC-s...

To read the full abstract: Science 2019;365:eaat9351.As in humans, weight gain in mice leads to fatty liver disease, inflammatory adipose tissue, and insulin resistance. The depletion of the microbiota through antibiotic treatment rescued this weight gain. The cohousing of T-Myd88–/– mice transferred the weight gain to wild-type mice. The major feature of the microbiota formed within T-Myd88–/– mice was a reduction in Clostri...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104(1): 118–126.Primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a major clinical manifestation in boys and men with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a progressive neurodegenerative inborn error of metabolism readily diagnosed by detecting elevated plasma very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), in particular the ratios of C26:0/...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med. 2018;379(14):1303–1312.This analysis of longitudinal BMI data from early childhood to adolescents in 51,505 German subjects (CrescNet patient registry) allows a new insight into BMI development, specific dynamics and BMI trajectories from childhood to early adulthood.The exact pattern and time course of weight gain duri...