ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2021 Mar;94(3):392–398. doi: 10.1111/cen.14364. PMID: 33140844.In this retrospective study, random growth hormone (GH) levels were compared between newborns (mean age 9.07±6.6 days) with or without GH deficiency. A cut off of 4.5 ng/ml was established as the GH value to diagnose congenital GH deficiency. This value had a 100% sensitivity and 85% specificity for d...

J Appl Toxicol. 2021 Apr;41(4):572–586. doi: 10.1002/jat.4066. PMID: 329695In this study, pregnant dams were exposed to different types of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) at a sensitive development period (from gestation to lactation). The offspring were fed either a high or a low-fat diet for 17 weeks and then underwent a battery of metabolic assessments. OPFR exposure did not alte...

PrefaceOver the last twelve months important clinical and basic research in the field of thyroidology was published. Here a rapid overview on important topics in the field: A better understanding of carcinogenesis through ionizing radiation came from a large genomic study on papillary thyroid cancer samples of patients exposed to radioactive iodine as children in 1986 in Chernobyl. A remarkable step in regeneration of thyroid function in thyroidectomized...

Science. 2021;372(6543):eabg2538. doi: 10.1126/science.abg2538.Radioactive iodine (131I)-exposed children in the region of Chernobyl (Ukraine) showed an increased incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after the 1986 nuclear plant accident [1]. This so far the largest and most comprehensive study to characterize the genomic landscape of radiation induced PTC in a large n...

Genes Dev. 2021;35(5–6):367–378. doi: 10.1101/gad.345686.120.The longstanding concept of thyroid hormone (TH) action is summarized as the canonical switch model. This study adds important aspects of TH action to our current understanding, modifying this longstanding switch model to a “shift” model.According to the current concept, TH dependent gene...

Stem Cell Reports. 2021;16:913–925. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.011.In analogy to historical data [1], the authors provide important proof of principle that adult thyroid tissues cultivated in vitro show self-renewal and differentiation capacities and might ultimately be of use for regenerative autologous transplantation back into the donor patient affected by hypothyr...

EMBO Rep. 2020;21:e50612. doi: 10.15252/embr.202050612.This zebrafish study identified and molecularly characterized adult transcriptionally different thyrocyte subpopulations even within the same follicle.It is well established that within a thyroid gland, follicles are heterogenous concerning functional activity. More active follicles are characterized by a high co...

Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 7;12(1):3355. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23661-4.This study describes the interaction of individual genetic variation for autoimmune thyroid disease with risk of thyroid immune related adverse events (irAE) during or after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for advanced cancer.ICIs are monoclonal antibodies blocking T-cell exhaustion and...

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021;9:94–105. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30399-5.This population based nested case-control study integrated registry data from Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland over 40 years to investigate the association of maternal, in-utero, and postnatal factors with thyroid cancer risk in offspring. Each patient with thyroid cancer (cases n=...

Thyroid. 2020;30:1831–1833. doi: 10.1089/thy.2020.0293.Every year, we report on new genes that have been associated with congenital hypothyroidism. But it is the first time in all these years that, following the first description, other groups from different continents confirm the first reports in independent cohorts in such a short time after publication.This is ...