ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Endocrine. 2022 Jun;76(3):722-732. PMID: 35258786, doi: 10.1007/s12020-022-03017-8.Brief Summary: In this multicentre, randomized, double-dummy, double-blind crossover trial the authors investigated differences in metabolic parameters between the individuals with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) receiving testosterone versus estradiol replacement therapy. This is the first s...

To read the full abstract: Nature. 2020;578:627–630.In this extensive work, Coscia et al. determined the molecular architecture of the full-length human thyroglobulin (TG) at high resolution by cryo-electron microscopy and identified the four hormonogenic tyrosine residues which act either as mono- or di-iodotyrosine acceptor and donor sites (A-D) and allow the ultimate step of thyroid hormone synthesis – coupling of two di- o...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med. 2020;382(6):525–533.In brief: High dose vitamin D supplementation of 4400 IU compared with 400 IU during the prenatal period alone to mothers of offspring at risk for asthma did not influence the incidence of asthma and recurrent wheeze in children aged 6-years.Commentary: Vitamin D deficiency has been im...

To read the full abstract: Front. Endocrinol. 2020 11:142. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00142• A delayed transition from the infancy to the childhood growth stage contributes to sub-optimal growth outcomes.• Using a novel method to assess the timing of infancy-childhood transition (quantification of patterns of adjacent monthly weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) deviation correlations), th...

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018 Oct;6(10):771–780.doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30197-9.For the first time a prospective randomized treatment study has been performed for individuals with a DSD. This national multi-center, double-blind, randomized, cross-over trial compared estrogen therapy to androgen replacement in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome ...

To read the full abstract: De Psychopathol. 2019; 31(2): 419–431.Environmental stimuli, especially in the pre- and postnatal periods, can have long-lasting effects on offspring development and health. Prenatal exposure to maternal depression, anxiety or stress may alter functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Here, epigenetic modifications of DNA in genes...

To read the full abstract: Nat Commun 2018;9.400Pheromones play a crucial role to identify potential mates and sexual motivation in mice. These molecules are detected by a specialized circuit which initiates in the nasal septum and then relies on GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus in a sex-dependent manner. Female pheromones induce LH/testosterone release in male mice whereas male pheromones i...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018;103:1459-1469The ESPE guidelines on CH recommend an initial LT4 dose of 10-15 microgram/kg per day1. Infants with severe CH, defined by a very low pretreatment TT4 or FT4 concentration, should be treated with the highest initial dose. However, little is known about long-term effects on developmental and...

To read the full abstract: Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2017;23:1410-1417This cross-sectional study analyzed bone health status by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQTC) of a Swiss Cohort of young patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in comparison to healthy controls, matched for sex, age, height and fracture history. The results showed subtle abnormalities in...

Brief summary: In this study the authors reported the adult height and timing of puberty of a cohort of Danish children born small for gestational age (SGA) and treated with rhGH in comparison with national growth standards. rhGH treatment significantly increased height SDS in adulthood as compared to the height SDS at treatment start. Age at peak height velocity did not differ compared with the reference cohort, although peak height velocity was reduced in SGA subjects. SGA b...