ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Kidney Int 2017;92:599-611Klotho was originally identified as a senescence-related protein because mice carrying hypomorphic Klotho alleles (kl/kl) develop premature aging with low bone turnover and osteoporosis. Primary function of Klotho is to form a specific receptor complex with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 1 (FGFR1) through which it mediates the bio...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102:2516-2524The Adult Health Study (AHS) is a clinical program established in 1958 by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) as a subset of the Life Span Study to examine the late effects of atomic bomb exposure (1-2). This cross-sectional analysis evaluated the dose-response effect of radiation exposure on the prevalence of thyr...

To read the full abstract: Nature 2017, 542, 450–455Adipose tissue is no longer considered a passive energy store. Instead, it is well established as an important endocrine contributor. Here, the authors comprehensively show that the function of the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ is not limited to classical adipokines, but also includes miRNAs and maybe other non-coding RNAs. This study...

Brief summary: Congenital central hypothyroidism is caused by thyrotropin deficiency, either isolated or in combination with other pituitary deficiencies. So far, mutations in five genes have been identified in patients with isolated thyrotropin deficiency: thyroid stimulating hormone subunit β (TSHβ), thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR), immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 (IGSF1), transducin-like protein 1 (TBLX1), and ...

In Brief: The authors use cell-tracing of Axin2-positive chondroprogenitor cells in the resting zone during and after food restriction to demonstrate that nutrient availability influences the balance between accumulation and differentiation of resting zone chondrocytes and that this is influenced by Igf-1.Commentary: Catch-up growth is the rapid growth that occurs after growth-inhibiting conditions have been cured or removed. The molecular mechanism for ...

Brief Summary:This study reveals how castration resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) can produce androgens and become resistant to the inhibitor of androgen production abiraterone. The authors uncover dual phosphorylated-SREBF1 as a sensor of androgen deficiency. Its nuclear translocation and deposition of H2A-K130ac epigenetic marks activates a distinct transcription program that includes SREBF1. This will then lead to intratumoral cholesterol and androgen biosynthesis, liberati...

JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(10):e2015665. 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.15665.. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2771377In brief: This Danish population-based 20-year cohort study provides strong epidemiological data supporting substantial increases in central precocious pub...

Hum Reprod. 2021 Jun 18;36(7):1959–1969. 10.1093/humrep/deab039 https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article-abstract/36/7/1959/6179308?redirectedFrom=fulltextIn brief: This large prospective population-based pregnancy cohort study identifies an association between maternal stressful li...

Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(8):1447–1456. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13122Family histories suggest strong degrees of inheritance of T1D in some children, especially in populations with an overall high risk of autoimmunity.This paper from the Finnish T1D Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study looked at subjects carrying high HLA-conferred risk for T1D. A family history of T1D in...

Diabetes Care. 2021 May;44(5):1185–1193. 10.2337/dc20-3006. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33827804/Luo et al. performed a retrospective cohort study of 159 children (age 7–11 years), including undertaking a food cue task while in the MRI scanner, to investigate whether brain reward systems are altered by in utero exposure to ...