ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(32):3018–3031. wassim.chemaitilly@stjude.orgThis retrospective study, with cross-sectional health outcomes analysis, evaluated Leydig cell function in 1516 childhood cancer survivors at a median duration of 22.0 years after cancer diagnosis. These patients are part of the St Jude Lifetime Cohort. An age- and sex-matched community control grou...

Brief summary: In this experimental study, pancreas-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) were implanted into the kidney capsule of mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. PMSCs led to increased levels of IL-6 in T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 cells, which transiently activated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), which in turn decreased levels of interleukin-17. This was associated with exocrine pancreas regeneration and rescue of ...

Nat Commun. 2020 Aug 13;11(1):4063. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17890-2. PMID: 32792525.These researchers proposed the heterogeneity of hypothalamic neural progenitor cells. Other than traditional hypothalamic radial glial (hRG) cells, which are predominantly located in the ventricular zone, there are additional basal progenitors in the mantle zone, which are named as hypothalamic mantle zo...

Brief Summary: These authors developed a fully autonomous robotic ultrasound (US) system for thyroid scanning (FARUS). The system consists of a six-degree-of-freedom UR3 manipulator that carries a linear US probe, a US probe fixture, a six-axis force/torque sensor and a Kinect camera. Using reinforcement learning, Bayesian optimization, and deep learning, the system dynamically adjusts the probe position and performs real-time segmentation of thyroid tissue and potential nodul...

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Mar 18;3(3):CD011027. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011027.pub3. PMID: 35302645.Brief Summary: This systematic review assessed the evidence for oral dextrose gel to treat hypoglycemia in newborns. Oral dextrose gel compared with placebo gel probably improved the correction of hypoglycaemic events and may result in a slight reduction in the risk of ma...

Bone Miner Metab. 2021 Sep;39(5):851-857Abstract: https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.proxy.kib.ki.se/34115219/In brief: Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in calcium homeostasis and bone health; a question is therefore frequently raised regarding the risk of fractures in children with vitamin D deficiency. This is more pertinent in safeguarding cases where it is not uncommon to fin...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2019 Oct;66(10):e27927. yeh@mmh.org.twThis monocentric observational study analysed the efficacy of denosumab in addition to calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in 113 young childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with initial BMD Z -score < –1.5.Low BMD is common in CCS, due to cancer-related fac...

To read the full abstract: PLoS Biol 2018;16:e2004399The hypothalamus plays a central role in the control of numerous physiological pathways and received afferent pathways from the brain and from the periphery. For instance, body temperature changes in peripheral tissues are conveyed to the hypothalamus via the bloodstream. An increase of temperature within the hypothalamus results in an i...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017; 144:3533-3546Endochondral ossification is the process by which the embryonic cartilaginous scaffold of most bones is gradually replaced by bone. During this process chondrocytes proliferate, undergo hypertrophy and maturation and form the growth plate, essential for bone growth. Postnatal bone growth is tightly regulated by both systemic and lo...

This GWAS meta-analysis combined data from five well known ethnically diverse cohorts (Framingham Heart Study, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, Taiwan-Metabochip Study for Cardiovascular Disease, and Singapore Prospective Study) to evaluate glycemic and erythrocytic genetic variants impacting HbA1c in individuals of European, African American, and East Asians ancestry. The study found new and known glycemic and...