ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Abstract: PLoS Biol. 2018 Jul 23;16(7):e2005263.In brief: In this article, Lui et al, make important observations related to the fundamental limits of longitudinal bone growth implicating the growth plate senescence program as a major regulator of bone size.Comment: A person’s right and left arms almost always grow to the same length, bu...

To read the full abstract: Cell Metab. 2018, 27, 226-236Upon sustained cold exposure, white adipose tissue (WAT) can undergo substantial remodeling, characterized by the appearance of thermogenic brown-like or beige adipocytes. This “browning” of white fat depot also happens in humans and is associated with anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. This is why WAT “browning&#...

BMJ. 2021 Feb 3;372:n37. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n37. PMID: 33536184This observational cohort study used data from the French administrative healthcare database during 2007–2015 to assess the risk of meningioma development related to treatment with cyproterone acetate. The cohort comprised 253,777 participants, of whom 54% had high exposure to cyproterone acetate, and 45% had low exposure.<p cla...

Cell Stem Cell. 2021 Sep 2;28(9):1657-1670.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.04.006. PMID: 33961804.Brief Summary: The authors established a novel protocol to generate hypothalamic arcuate organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells, which could be utilized to investigate the arcuate nuclei development and the underlying mechanism of arcuate nucleus-related diseases. <p class="abst...

To read the full abstract: Nature Cell Biology 20,909–916 (2018)Produced by scattered Enteroendocrine cells (EECs)found along the length of the intestinal epithelium, gut hormones generate signals related to the rate of nutrient absorption, the composition of the luminal milieu and the integrity of the epithelial barrier. To study these rare cells, these authors combined the te...

To read the full abstract: Endocrinology. 2017 Jul 1;158(7):2102-2112Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) produces fetal hyperglycemia with increased lifelong risks for the exposed offspring to cardiovascular and other diseases. In-utero exposure to GDM alters metabolic programming in newborns and their placenta, cord tissues, and cord blood. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Invest 2018;128:1913-1918Two rare genetic forms of vitamin D–dependent rickets exist: VDDR-1 caused by mutations in the genes encoding either the renal 1-α hydroxylase (CYP27B1: VDDR-1A) or the hepatic 25-hydroxylase (CYP2R1: VDDR-1B) and VDDR-2 caused by mutations in the vitamin D receptor signalling due to mutations in the gene encoding the ...

Brief Summary:This study reveals how castration resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) can produce androgens and become resistant to the inhibitor of androgen production abiraterone. The authors uncover dual phosphorylated-SREBF1 as a sensor of androgen deficiency. Its nuclear translocation and deposition of H2A-K130ac epigenetic marks activates a distinct transcription program that includes SREBF1. This will then lead to intratumoral cholesterol and androgen biosynthesis, liberati...

In Brief This systematic review collated evidence from prospective cohort studies (PCS) with at least 6 months follow-up and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess the influence of 100% fruit juice on body weight in children and adults. 100% fruit juice intake was associated with higher BMI gain among children and with higher weight gain in adults.In children, 17 PCS (total 45,851 children) and no RCTs were identified. Each additional serving per da...

Nat Metab. 2021;3(4):523-9. doi: 10.1038/s42255-021-00383-x.PubMed ID: 33846643Brief summary: this study of around 1000 adults administered standard breakfast meals and showed wide variability and continuously monitored glucose levels up to 3 h afterwards. Notably, those individuals with lower glucose levels at 2 to 3 h after meals reported higher levels of appetite and consumed hundreds m...