ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief Summary: This retrospective study evaluated fracture risk among 2372 children and adolescents (59% females, aged 1-16) with biopsy-proven celiac disease (CD) compared to 11,860 children without CD matched by age, sex, socioeconomic status, and population sector (general Jewish population, ultra-orthodox Jews and Arabs). The overall fracture incidence rate was higher in the CD group (256 vs 165 per 10,000 patient-years).Median age at the end of the ...

To read the full abstract: Science 2018;362(6416) eaau5324The hypothalamus is a highly complex region, which receives many inputs from several other brain regions and also from the periphery. It is the site of synthesis of many neuropeptides that act as neurotransmitters or via the systemic circulation (in blood). Hypothalamic nuclei are typically defined by their exact anatomical locati...

To read the full abstract: Science 2018;359:1376-1383The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with dysfunctions of the intestinal barrier, leading to increased permeability and translocation of microbial molecules into the intestinal lamina propria and to circulation. The entry of pathogens through an impaired barrier leads to an increased risk of infection, as well as to chronic inflammation...

Brief summary: Emont et al. created a cell atlas of human and mouse white adipose tissue, which goes a long way in informing our understanding of the complexity of adipose tissue.Although adipocytes make up the largest proportion of adipose tissue volume, the cellular structure of adipose tissue is far more complex and includes adipose tissue progenitor cells (APCs), fibroblasts, vascular cells and immune cells. We are also beginning to understa...