ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

J Neurosci. 2020 Dec 2;40(49):9455–9466. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2069-20.2020. PMID: 33158965 https://www.jneurosci.org/content/40/49/9455.longIn brief: These authors used two transgenic mouse models to assess the direct action of estrogens and androgens on GHRH neurons to control growth, pubertal development and reprod...

Brief Summary: This study used chemogenetics and transgenic mouse models to show that glutamatergic neurotransmission in leptin responsive neurons in the premammillary nucleus is required for normal puberty and ovulation.Puberty and the acquisition of reproductive functions result from the reawakening of a complex neuroendocrine machinery eventually leading to the activation of GnRH secretion. Metabolic cues play a crucial role in regulating this system ...

Brief Summary: This review summarizes the role of macronutrients and hormones which regulate energy balance and sexual maturation by conveying energy availability information to the GnRH system.30 years ago, Kennedy and Mitra were the first to use translational studies to show that nutrition is a key factor regulating puberty timing1. Their seminal protocol modified the size of rat litters to affect weight increase and showed that nutritional ...