ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

J Bone Miner Res. 2021 May;36(5):931–941. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4262. PMID: 33507568.This restrospective study of the Cohort of Gender Dysphoria investigated bone geometry parameters of 106 adolescent trans-women and 216 adolescent trans-men during early and late start of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). Transgender youth who started tr...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Jun 6:dgac349. PMID: 35666195, doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac349. Brief Summary: This paper reports the adult height of 161 transgender girls (registered male at birth) from the Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria. It finds no difference in adult height between use of standard and high estrogen doses. There is currently very little information on...

Brief summary: This paper investigated the effect of pubertal suppression with GnRHa and gender affirming treatment with testosterone on the growth and final height of transgender boys. They found no negative effects, and even possibly a slight boost to adult height in comparison with target and predicted heights for birth-registered sex.One of the concerning features of transgender males is being able to identify with their cisgender peers in stature. I...

Brief summary: Concerns exist that transgender adolescents opting for gender affirming treatments may subsequently regret their decision. This large study from Amsterdam provides information that in early adulthood, 98% of their cohort continued to access these treatments.The Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria is one of the largest ongoing studies on the long-term outcomes of gender affirming hormone treatments (GAH). The authors presented outcomes at ...

Brief Summary: This prospective follow-up cohort study investigated bone mineral density in transgender individuals who had initiated GnRH analogue treatment before age 18 followed by sex hormone treatment for at least 9 years. At a median age 28.2 years, after using testosterone for a median 11.9 years (IQR 10.2-13.8), transmasculine individuals had mean z-scores close to 0 at the lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck, similar to z-scores at the start of GnRH analogue trea...

Brief Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis included 22 studies, with a total of 19,893 transgender women, 14,840 transgender men, 371,547 cisgender men, and 434,700 cisgender women, to assess the occurrence of cardiovascular events. The risk of the combined outcome (stroke, myocardial infarction or thrombosis) was 40% higher in transgender people compared to cisgender people of the same birth-registered sex.Gender-affirming therapy may play ...

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 Oct;9(10):663-670. PMID: 34481559, doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00185-6. Brief Summary: This paper reports standardised mortality rates (SMR) between 1972 and 2018 in a large cohort of 2927 transgender women and 1641 transgender men from the Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria. It finds a higher SMR for transgender women compared with transgender men. </p...

To read the full abstract: Pediatrics. 2020, Mar; 145. doi: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/145/3/e20190741.full.pdfCardiovascular health of transgender people was a hot topic in the transgender literature last year, triggered by previous findings that these individuals could have elevated risks for cardiovascular diseases b...

To read the full abstract: J Sex Med. 2018 15(4)This is an important paper with a follow-up covering more than 11,000 GD patients from a single clinic in the Netherlands, looking after most (>95%) of the GD patients of the country. Long-term follow-up to adulthood of children and adolescents with GD is still lacking as the recent rapid increase of these groups has not yet resulted in sub...