ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Apr 4The study analyzed relationships between maternal obesity and human milk metabolites, infant body composition, and postnatal weight gain.Maternal obesity is one of the strongest predictors of childhood obesity. Although the mechanism/s by which this obesity risk is transmitted to the offspring are not known diffe...

Brief summary: In this study of 699 youth 10 to < 18 years old with <2 years duration of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at 15 centers across the USA, baseline HbA1c level, and the change in HbA1c level in the first 6 months are predictors of rapid glycemic deterioration. In addition, subsequent loss of control can be predicted based on both baseline and ongoing clinical characteristics.Comment: The population of individuals with youth-onset T2D is heterog...

Brief summary: This analysis of data from the TODAY study examined the impact of parental diabetes on outcomes in young individuals with T2D during over 12 years of follow-up. This novel observation demonstrates that parental diabetes affects not only earlier T2D onset, but also more rapid long-term progression and more complications.Comment: This study showed that T2D diagnosis in either parent was associated with younger age at T2D diagnosis in their c...

Brief Summary: This observational study showed that pregnancy increases the risk of hyperfiltration in women with youth-onset T2D, but not other micro or macrovascular complications.Comment: This study examined whether pregnancy exacerbates health outcomes in young women with T2D, particularly by testing for changes in the occurrence of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Previous findings showed that women in their fourth decade experience a ...

Brief Summary: Rare forms of diabetes (‘monogenic diabetes’) are caused by a single rare gene variant, while adult-onset T2D is influenced by thousands of common genetic variants. This study reveals that youth-onset T2D shares some genetic features with both monogenic and typical adult-onset T2D, marked by both common and rare genetic variantsComment: A significant challenge is understanding why the course of T2D in children and teenagers is mo...

To read the full abstract: N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1707–1717. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1907863. PMID: 31618560Despite advances in diabetes care, attaining good glycemic outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remains challenging and often is not achieved. For example, the targets set by the American Diabetes Association are met in only a minority of patients. It is hoped th...