ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Diabetologia. 2019;62(12):2287–2297. doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-04980-0This study identified different circulatory metabolite profiles in children who subsequently progress to T1D compared to children who progress to islet autoimmunity but not T1D, and antibody-negative control children.In addition to altered T cell immunity and autoantibody appearance, metaboli...

Diabetes Care. 2022 Apr 1;45(4):871-879. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35147706/Brief Summary: This Finnish cross-sectional register-based study of 6015 youth with new onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) explored potential differences in clinical, autoimmune and genetic characteristics across three age groups: <7, 7-12 and ≥13 years. Significant differences emerged primarily between the...

Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(8):1447–1456. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13122Family histories suggest strong degrees of inheritance of T1D in some children, especially in populations with an overall high risk of autoimmunity.This paper from the Finnish T1D Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study looked at subjects carrying high HLA-conferred risk for T1D. A family history of T1D in...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2018 Nov;19(7):1221–1228Despite good metabolic control some patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may develop comorbidities early while others despite high HbA1c levels remain free of complications for long durations. Risk factors for T1D complications are both of intrinsic (e.g. genetic) and extrinsic (e.g. environmental) origin. Amongst t...

Diabetologia. 2020;63(4):780–787. doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-05077-4.This multicenter multinational study, in children with high genetic risk of T1D, identified an association between lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations and subsequent appearance of islet autoimmunity or T1D.The Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR) ancillary ...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:953–960.Dietary proteins, such as gluten, have been suggested to serve as triggers of the autoimmune process that leads to type 1 diabetes (T1DM). These authors studied the potential associations of cereal, gluten, and dietary fiber intake with the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and T1DM.The prospective birth cohort Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Preven...

NIDDK Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group.Diabetes. 2022 Apr 1;71(4):610-623. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35316839/Brief Summary: This is a comprehensive review on general population screening, a current hot topic in the field of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The authors provide a critical overview of the rationale for population screening, arguments for and against it, current efforts to gui...

Brief summary: using a murine model of diabetes and ex vivo experiments in human T-cell cultures, this study showed that short-term administration of an antagonist to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) modulates functional T regulatory cells (Treg) expansion and thus prevents diabetes.This study provides further support for a role of the advanced glycation end-product (AGEs)-AGE receptor (RAGE) pathways in the pathogenesis ...

To read the full abstract: JAMA. 2018;319:38-48Earlier observational studies showed that dietary exposure to complex proteins in newborns and early infants is associated with beta cell autoimmunity and increase the risk for T1DM. Several studies avoiding certain proteins, such as gluten and casein, have been conducted without reducing the risk for T1D in genetically susceptible children. Theref...