ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Int Health 2018; 10; 66-70This article summarizes the concept of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) and emphasizes its potential relevance to the marked increase in non-communicable diseases, including Type 2 diabetes, observed in low-resource settings. This is an important topic as the DOHaD concept may be a strong contributing factor to the develop...

Brief Summary: This review describes progress of our understanding of insulin action in the brain, as well as the consequences of brain insulin resistance. Insulin resistance of the brain results in impaired modulation of peripheral metabolism, the maintenance of obesity and an unfavorable body fat distribution. Current evidence suggest that brain insulin resistance is a treatable condition, thereby improving systemic metabolism and brain functions including cognition.<p c...

...

Cell metabolism 2021;33(12):2316-28. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.004Brief Summary: This paper reviews the links between fructose consumption and health, and the mechanisms by which fructose may damage health.Comment: Fructose is a plant-derived monosaccharide. Its natural form is found in certain fruits and vegetables. High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a liquid fruc...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Nephrol. 2017;32:949-964This is a comprehensive review on growth and sexual maturation during puberty in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite attention to preserve growth potential during pre-puberty and the availability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), the achievement of normal pubertal height gain remains a challenge in CKD. In pr...

...

Brief summary: This review uses an evolutionary approach to provide an interesting discussion on a proposed period of development called ‘emerging adulthood’. The authors explain that it can be seen not only as a sociological transition period but also as a biological life-history phase.The central theme of this review is ‘emerging adulthood’, which is the concept that an additional 4-6-year pre-adult period should be included in mode...

In brief: This up-to-date and very clear review describes the diagnosis and management of primary or secondary bone fragility in children and adolescents.Commentary: The field of bone fragility in children has evolved considerably in recent years, particularly in terms of diagnosis and management. This progress has been made possible in particular by the discovery of new genes involved in childhood-onset bone fragility, and also by a better understanding...

To read the full abstract: PLoS Medicine vol. 16,12 e1002986. 2 Dec. 2019. doi: https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002986This large scale population-based cohort study identifies a slightly higher risk for adult fracture in men who had later puberty. The pubertal period plays a key role...

Brief Summary: This study provides an in-depth exploration of the genetic underpinnings and clinical phenotypes associated with congenital hypopituitarism (CH) and related disorders. The authors analyse a large cohort (1765 patients) with or at risk of CH from 1563 unrelated families by Sanger, whole exome (WES) or whole genome sequencing (WGS). Genetic variants were identified in 10% of the CH cohort.CH is characterized by the insufficient pro...