ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Nat Commun. 2020 Aug 13;11(1):4063. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17890-2. PMID: 32792525.These researchers proposed the heterogeneity of hypothalamic neural progenitor cells. Other than traditional hypothalamic radial glial (hRG) cells, which are predominantly located in the ventricular zone, there are additional basal progenitors in the mantle zone, which are named as hypothalamic mantle zo...

In Brief: This phase 2 trial randomized 338 adults with overweight or obesity to once-weekly subcutaneous Retatrutide (LY3437943), a ‘triple agonist’ for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), and glucagon receptors, or placebo. Mean % change in body weight at 24 weeks was −7.2%, −12.9%, −17.3% and −17.5% in the 1-mg, 4-mg, 8-mg and 12-mg Retatrutide groups, compared with −1.6% in the placebo ...

Cell Stem Cell. 2022 Feb 3;29(2):328-343.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.11.009. PMID: 34879244.Brief Summary: By applying single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to 112,376 cells of human hypothalamus ranging from 7–20 gestational weeks (GW7–20), the authors produced a spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas of human hypothalamus development and revealed critical regulatory genes control...

To read the full abstract: Nat Med. 2017 Dec; 23(12): 1444–1453This study highlights the importance of asprosin in the regulation of appetite. This peptide hormone was first described by Romere et al. in 2016 (1), who reported 2 patients with neonatal progeroid syndrome (NPS) due to truncating heterozygous mutations in the fibrillin-gene (FBN1). The FBN1 gene encodes profibrillin wh...

Brief summary: Using in-depth multi-omics analyses of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) samples, the authors profiled gut microbial functional and metabolic alterations. The T1D microbiota showed decreased butyrate production and bile acid metabolism and increased lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. Fecal microbiota transplantation in animal models proved that T1D gut microflora is a causative factor in the regulation of glucose metabolism.The etiology of T...