ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief summary: This longitudinal study aimed to determine if hyperinsulinemia and postprandial glucose levels could predict obesity progression in n=591 children and adolescents with obesity. The authors found no association between hyperinsulinemia, insulin secretion, low postprandial glucose levels, and an increase in obesity over a 2–4-year period.According to the carbohydrate-insulin model (1), diets with a high glycemic load (GL) promote weight...

Brief summary: Since 2014, children with DKA have been managed on the general ward (instead of the intensive care unit [ICU]) and with SC insulin (instead of IV insulin) at G Kuppuswamy Naidu Memorial Hospital in Coimbatore, India. This retrospective study compares the cost and outcomes of IV (2013–2014) and SC insulin treatment (2017).In high-income countries (HICs), DKA management commonly includes IV insulin. The 2022 ISPAD Clinical Practice Cons...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Dec 1;105(12):dgaa635. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa635. PMID: 32901267.The authors performed a retrospective analysis of low dose synacthen tests performed in 49 neonates from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2017 in a tertiary-care pediatric center. Of samples measured at 15, 30, and 60 minutes, the majority of neonates showed a peak cortisol level at 60 minutes.<...

Sex Dev. 2021;15(5-6):392-410. PMID: 34634785, doi: 10.1159/000519238. Brief Summary: This review summarizes how non-coding genomic variants are identified and validated, and why non-coding defects found in DSD patients have to be considered when investigating the genetic etiology of DSD.Accurate genetic diagnosis of 46,XY DSD patients remains crucial for early treatment and ...

Eur Psychiatry. 2019 Jan;55:61–66.doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.09.003. PubMed ID: 30390473Is the prevalence of gender dysphoria today truly increasing, or do the increasing numbers result because today’s world is more open so that these individuals and families no longer hide in the closet? Or are methodological factors playing a role? Fact is that in Eu...

Horm Behav. 2020;126:104849. 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104849. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0018506X20301756?via%3DihubIn brief: This study used functional MRI to compare resting state functional connectivity in women who started oral contraception during puberty or ad...

To read the full abstract: Cell. 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.034Short summary: In this study, rather than focusing on genes associated with obesity, the authors studied genetic variants associated with thinness (BMI <6th percentile for age). In a genome-wide association study from the Estonian Biobank, 881 people were classified as thin, and 3173 individuals with norm...

Brief summary: This in vivo study identifies a new gene, CDYL (Chromodomain Y-like protein) in the epigenetic control of sex determination in mice.Recent findings on mammalian sex development suggest that the fate decision of bipotential gonads depends not only on transcriptional activation of Y-linked testis-determining gene (SRY/Sry) but also on a delicate expression balance between the mutually antagonistic pro-testis and pro-ovarian genes. P...

Brief Summary: Research published in the Christmas issue of The BMJ suggests that Christmas desserts from the television show, “The Great British Bake Off”, are more likely to feature ingredients associated with a reduced risk of death or disease, rather than those that increase it.Comment: Do not miss this article from the Christmas edition of The BMJ! The Great British Bake Off is the ultimate baking competition where passionate amateur baker...

Human Reproduction, 2021; 36(7): 1948–1958https://bit.ly/3vtcByFThis cross-sectional study shows that men who had been exposed in utero to endocrine disruptors (EDC) are twice more likely to have a low sperm count, below the reference values per ejaculation set by the World Health Organisation.Male reproductive function is known to be highly sensitive to a number of chemical compou...