ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief summary: This study aimed to decipher the pathophysiology of the lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy observed among youth with T2D who also have severe obesity. None of the several biomarkers assessed was found to be associated with the obesity paradox. The biomarkers included: inflammatory factors, acute phase reactants or cytokines (VEGF, hsCRP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, homocysteine, adiponectin, E-selectin, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, fibrinogen, and ApoB).<p class="abst...

Brief summary: In this study of 699 youth 10 to < 18 years old with <2 years duration of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at 15 centers across the USA, baseline HbA1c level, and the change in HbA1c level in the first 6 months are predictors of rapid glycemic deterioration. In addition, subsequent loss of control can be predicted based on both baseline and ongoing clinical characteristics.Comment: The population of individuals with youth-onset T2D is heterog...

To read the full abstract: J Pediatr 2018;196:208-216.e2Insulin deficiency or resistance activates intracellular hormone-sensitive lipase; this increases the release of non-esterified fatty acids from triglycerides stored in centrally distributed adipose tissue. High circulating levels of non-esterified fatty acids increase hepatic triglyceride synthesis, which in turn increases secretion o...