ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief Summary: This study examined the potential benefits of Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker traditionally used to treat hypertension, in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). It shows that Verapamil can prevent the decline of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) levels, which are crucial for β-cell survival and insulin production. Moreover, Verapamil reduced the expression of IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), enhancing IGF-I signaling and protecting β-cells from apoptosis. Henc...

Brief Summary: This case series describes the effect of recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1) administration on growth of three siblings with STAT5B homozygous recessive mutations.The peripheral effects of GH are primarily mediated by IGF-I through the activation of the GH receptor (GHR)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-5B signaling. Patients carrying STAT5B mutations have severe postnatal growth failure and IGF-I deficiency a...

Brief Summary: Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) were measured using multiplatform sequencing in longitudinal samples from 262 individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D) enrolled in the INNODIA Natural History Study. A set of miRNAs located within the T1D susceptibility chromosomal locus 14q32 distinguished 2 groups of T1D: those with higher miRNA expression showed better glycemic outcomes and immunomics profile.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of ...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2018;172:e180739.This randomised controlled trial of 1303 exclusively breastfed 3-month-old UK infants was primarily performed to test the impact of early introduction of solid foods, from age 3 months, on the risk of food allergies (1). Sleep was measured as a secondary trial outcome: the trial showed that early introduction of solids increa...

Brief Summary: This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis provides crucial insights into the prevalence and diagnostic challenges of central diabetes insipidus (CDI), vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), following transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for pituitary tumours.Despite advances in pituitary surgery techniques, posterior pituitary dysfunction remains a common and challenging complication in immediate post-operative management (1). AVP-D is the ...

Brief summary: Current guidelines for congenital hypothyroidism recommend a starting dose of 10–15 μg/d of levothyroxine for optimal treatment (1). Over the last years, some studies suggested that overtreatment of patients during infancy by high levothyroxine doses might have negative effects on neurocognitive and behavioral development (2). The presented multicenter prospective randomized trial aimed at comparing the effect of higher (12.5–15.0 μg/d levoth...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022; 107(2): e487-e499. PMID: 34599587https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34599587/Brief Summary: This study describes the growth of adequately treated children with classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency during adrenarche and beyond. Patients with and without significant bone age advancement, and thus differing height prediction...

To read the full abstract: Thyroid. 2019;29:480–492.The thyroid axis is particularly responsive to critical illness. Adaptation processes of the thyroid axis to critical illness and prolonged fasting are well described as non-thyroidal illness syndrome. Non-thyroidal illness is mainly explained by two mechanisms: 1) peripheral inactivation of T4 to rT3 by decreased type-1 deiodinase...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018; 103(4):1696-1703How we measure steroids has been a constant debate in recent years because current routinely used immunoassays lack both specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, chromatographic, mass spectrometric methods have been pushed forward for their higher sensitivity and specificity, and for their advantage to provide multiple measu...

Brief Summary: This paper describes a novel ambulatory fraction collector that can be used with microdialysis to obtain high resolution steroid profiles over a 24-hour period.Comment: The natural circadian and ultradian secretion of adrenal hormones makes single timepoint measurements of these hormones uninformative for clinical decision making (1-3). Repeated sampling during the day requires admission into an atypical, and often disruptive, clinical set...